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434 mots 2 pages
Summary indoorisation of outdoor sports :
At the beginning, sports like futsal, table tennis were indoor so it was miniature versions of sports especially adapted to indoor place, then activities cardiovasculars (e.g : cycle, fitness) were adapted, and then typical outdoor lifestyle sportslike ski, biathlon, rowing (which used to be exclusively practiced in natural environments) were adapted to become indoor sports, entrepreneurs take the opportunities to develop business with this kind of sports.
We have many terms to define these kind of sports:
“Lifestyle sports” Wheaton, “Alternative sports” Rinehart, “Whiz sports” Midol, “Extreme sports” Tomlinson
Actually these terms are created for outdoor sports which usually take place in wild and desolate natural place (ski, surf), of course there are a lot of differences between indoor and outdoor versions of these sports.
Many questions related to the adaptation: * Control of indoor environment * Efficiency, safety and predictability * Variation ,challenges and change * Marketing, packaging * Consumer participation
To answer, there was a research project with 31 students from Utrecht University in 2007, they interview 81 persons in 14 indoor sports centres in the Netherland (12 owners/managers, 50 indoor participants, 7 outdoor participants). * Risks, sensation, freedom, adventure (outdoor) * Artificiality, simulation of nature, commodification (indoor)
Factors of the progression of these centres : * Acceleration in globalization * Commercialization * Technological change
The first indoor ski centre was created at theend of 1980s in 1988 (Australia)then others centres was developed in Japan, then in Netherlands, GB, Belgium and Germany.
Different techniques are used in order to create the centres: * Cooling * Insulation techniques * Innovations in water snow and atmospheric control
Marketing, this aspect is important to give a meaning to the new

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