TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

I) FAIR TRADE IN THE WORLD

1. Definition of fair trade a. First debates and seminars b. The new challenges of sustainable development

2. Global actors a. Certification Labels b. Main NGOs

3. Fair trade in the global business a. Part in the exchange b. Main procurers and markets

II) FAIR TRADE IN FRANCE

1. History a. Artisans du monde b. Alter Eco

2. Legislation a. AFNOR b. CNCE

3. The domestic market a. Consumers b. Distribution system

4. Challenge and opportunities a. Growth opportunities b. Fair trade and organic products

III) FAIR TRADE IN BRAZIL

1. History

2. Legislation a. The role of the government b. The certification system in Brazil

3. The domestic market a. Consumers b. Distribution system

4. Challenge and opportunities a. Growth opportunities b. Fair trade and organic products

CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

INTRODUCTION

Fair trade began in the 50’s in the USA and then in Great Britain and in Europe. At the beginning, only charities were involved in the process to help third world countries. It is only since the 90’s and especially since 2000 that fair trade was taking serious by consumers, companies and governments.
With the rising consciousness about sustainable development, consumers are more and more sensitive about fair trade issues.
Nowadays companies are aware that fair trade is one of the most dynamic international exchanges. For these reasons, governments try to set rules to regulate this young market. According to average estimations, it represents 0, 02% of global exchanges and it is focused mainly on handcrafts and agricultural products. To set this figure in its context, it is important to notice that 60% of global