Problématique : How the different communities could unified themselves in order to create a new constitution ?
Intro :
Irak is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert.
Iraq has been home to continuous successive civilizations since the 6th millennium BC. Iraq has the common epithet, the "Cradle of Civilization", as it was home to the earliest known civilization on Earth, the Sumerian civilization*. Moreover, it’s identified as the birthplace of writing.

1. The iraqi situation
The territory of Irak was, for a long time, part of the Ottoman Empire. Ottoman rule over Iraq lasted until the world war one, then the British forces invaded the country. Britain imposed a Hāshimite monarchy (they established the Hashemite king, Faisal) on Iraq and defined the territorial limits of Iraq without taking into account the politics of the different ethnic and religious groups in the country, in particular those of the Kurds and the Syriacs to the north.
During the British occupation, the Shi'ites and Kurds fought for independence.

Britain granted independence to Iraq in 1932, on the urging of King Faisal, though the British retained military bases and transit rights for their forces. King Ghazi ruled as a figurehead after King Faisal's death in 1933.
The Hashemite monarchy lasted until 1958, when it was overthrown by a coup d'etat of the Iraqi Army, known as the 14 July Revolution.
In 1968, Abdul Rahman Arif was overthrown by the Arab Socialist Baath Party*.
In 1979, Saddam Hussein took power as Iraqi President after overthrowing his close friend and the leader of his party (Ahmed Hasan Al-Bakr) and killing and arresting his leadership rivals. Shortly after his taking power, the political situation in Iraq's neighbor Iran changed drastically after the success of the Islamic Revolution of Ayatollah* Ruhollah Khomeini*, which