Introduction
This paper aims to study the causes of unemployment offered by the principal schools of through in macroeconomics and to explain the causes of unemployment; I have chosen to study the French case.
An internationally recognised definition of unemployment considers the unemployed to be people of working age who are jobless but who are both available for work and actively seeking employment. (Chapter 9 of Mulhearn & Vane, 2011) Major political issue and still relevant, unemployment can be defined in 3 stages: frictional unemployment is temporary and is due to changes in labour markets, while cyclical unemployment occurs when the demand for labour is low. Finally, we distinguish a third type of unemployment, structural unemployment, reflecting a mismatch between supply and demand works.
Different schools of economists have tried to explain unemployment and to find the origins and solutions. These different schools of thought are generally divided into two main streams: the classical liberals on one side (A. Smith, D. Ricardo, JB Say) and the Keynesians on the other.
Massively over the past fifteen years in France, unemployment is a major economic and social importance. Associated with poverty, insecurity and exclusion, it is also at the forefront of political debate since the end of the Thirty Glorious Years refers to the thirty years from 1945-1975 following the end of the Second World War in France.
The first part shows how these different schools of thought they have been able to analyze the causes of unemployment. The second part will assess why unemployment is a scourge on the labour market in France and Europe.

Main body
Explanations about the origins of unemployment are complex and varied. Analysed by major currents of economic thought, unemployment is currently the subject of new theoretical debates that seek to better understand the study of this problem from a better knowledge of the labor market. It is therefore necessary to