After the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire was successfully archived in 1521, Mexico became part of the Spanish Empire as the Viceroyalty of New Spain, which lasted until 1821 when the Kingdom of Spain officially recognized the independence of Mexico by signing the Treaty of Córdoba. Ferdinand VII never gave his approval to the treaty signed by Juan O'Donojú, until he died in 1833, serious negotiations started to formalize the independence, the "Treaty of Peace and Friendship" was signed on December 28, 1836.

1821 : Treaty of Córdoba
December 28, 1836 : Treaty of Peace and Friendship

The first decades of Mexico's post-independence period were characterized by economic instability.. The convention of London connected) the United Kingdom, Spain and France. She gave the frame(executive) to settle(adjust) the question of the debts of Méxique, to protect the European nationals and of a spot intervention.Napoleon III was the leader of this operation, and the three powers signed the Treaty of London on October 31 to unite their efforts to receive payments from Mexico. On December 8 the Spanish fleet and troops from Spanish-controlled Cuba arrived at Mexico's main Gulf port, Veracruz. Spain along Great Britain soon withdrew after the signing of the "Treaty of La Soledad", France did not agree with the terms and immediately invaded Mexico.[54]

October 31, 1861 : Treaty of London
December 8, 1861 :"Treaty of La Soledad"

Diplomatic relations, since their reestablishment on March 28, 1977, have been strengthened within a modern, legal and institutional framework to promote politic dialogue and cooperation. In January 1990, the "General Treaty of Cooperation and Friendship" was signed to establish a Bilateral Commission.[134] In 2007, President Calderón and Spanish President José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero paid state visits reciprocally[134] and signed a declaration to deepen the strategic association between the two countries.[135] After the European