LES OGM

Introduction

During the past three decades, scientific discoveries on genetic information and its support, DNA, allowed the development of genetic engineering and biotechnology. The technical of transgenic allows the transfer of the gene of interest, bringing a new trait in organism. It is then called Genetically Modified Organisms. Many GMOs have been produced in laboratories, some of which are already used in agriculture, production of pharmaceutical molecule....in the next activity, find 5 examples of existing GMO, linking a gene interest and the organism ( an animal or plant ) in which the transfer.

So, we can might ask
Why the GMO have advantages and disadvantages ?

Plan: In the first place, we will study the advantages of the GMO and finally, we will say about the disadvantages of GMO. I/ The benefits of GMOs II/ Disadvantages of GMOs
The main advantage of GMOs is that we can give them all the characteristics we want. Using genes from other species, we can easily transform a plant to make it more productive, more resistant to pests and diseases, more resistant to herbicides and produce fruit that stores better. This will use less chemicals. The environmental benefit is certain. By increasing the productivity of each plant, it reduces the need for land and inputs for cultivation. With the same surface and the same inputs (fertilizers, herbicides, energy ... etc..), It can easily multiply production. If plants are more resistant to herbicides, the use of chemicals in agriculture can be reduced.

On the other hand, the disadvantages for the environment are also concrete. We do not know the impact of GMOs on other plant in nature. Plants naturally transmitted their genes into the wild via pollen. This pollen transported by wind and insects can contamiante other plants in the victinity, this corrupting th egene pool of the ecological system. The long-term effects of this corruption are still unknow. They can creatae new toxic