Discours direct et discours indirect
Fiches de coursAnglais1re ES1re L1re S1re TechnoTle ESTle LTle STle TechnoLa phrase
Du discours direct au discours indirect
Quand on utilise le discours direct, on rapporte des paroles telles qu’elles ont été prononcées. On fait une citation.
He said: “I’ll call you soon.”
Il a dit : « Je vous appellerai bientôt. »
Pour rapporter des paroles au discours indirect, on utilise une subordonnée introduite par un verbe de discours.
He said that he would call us soon.
Il a dit qu’il nous appellerait bientôt.
Changements de temps
Pour qu’il y ait un changement de temps, il faut que le verbe d’introduction du discours indirect soit conjugué au prétérit. discours direct discours indirect présent He said: “I am fine.” prétérit He said (that) he was fine. prétérit He said: “I enjoyed myself at the party.” had + participe passé
He said (that) he had enjoyed himself at the party. present perfect
He said: “I have visited India three times.” had + participe passé
He said (that) he had visited India three times. will (renvoi à l’avenir) + verbe
He said: “I will not go.” would + verbe
He said (that) he would not go.
Autres changements possibles
Pronoms personnels et déterminants possessifs.
He said: “I like my new car.”
He said that he liked his new car.
This peut devenir that.
She remarked: “I saw him this morning.”
She remarked that she had seen him that morning.
Adverbes de temps et de lieu.
He said: “I bought a new car yesterday.”
He said (that) he had bought a new car the day before.
Transposition d’un impératif
Un impératif au discours direct se transpose en verbe exprimant un ordre, un conseil + nom oupronom complément + to + verbe.
She said: “Sit down!”
She told him to sit down.
Transposition des questions
Soyez très attentif à la structure de la subordonnée : sujet + verbe et ses compléments
He asked: “When will you arrive?”
He asked when we would arrive.
Say ou tell ?
Say et tell