Étienne Bonnot de Condillac

maintained its central moralizing mission to guide souls and correct manners. Latin remained the language of theology, but pious tracts aimed at a wide audience were among the first vernacular texts to appear in the twelfth century. Le Livre de manières by Étienne de Fougères (d. 1178) and verse sermons such as Li Vers des Juïse (Judgement) warned that salvation lay in rejecting worldly temptation, while the themes of the brevity of life, the vanity of human affairs and the need to repent (Le Poëme moral, c