Game theory

Luke Stein Stanford graduate economics core (2006–7) Reference and review (last updated September 29, 2009) Contents 1 Econometrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Probability foundations . . . . . . . . Basic set theory Disjointness Partition Sigma algebra Probability function Probability space Counting Conditional probability Bayes’ Rule Independence of events Mutual independence of events Random variables . . . . . . . . . . . Random variable Random vector Measurability Smallest σ-field Independence

availability) must be recast as “variables” (56) if we are “to minimize the geopolitical, economic, and security fallout” (11). The core of her case is that environmental “variations” (239), either slow or sudden, do not affect just local situations; they are game changers for the international system. She articulates this broad connection as either principal or secondary causation: at times she sees substantial climate change and other environmental stresses directly “affecting a careful balance and leading

s'agit généralement d'une courte synthèse du document.] | International relations theory REALISM Realism is the conservative theory of international relations that has maintained its place throughout the development of modern political science. Its premise is that all states are rational actors and their main goal is to attain power to survive. There are five basic assumptions that explain the realist theory. The first one is the anarchy. The world is anarchic, meaning that there is no global

THÉORIES DES PARTIES PRENANTES : UNE SYNTHÈSE CRITIQUE DE LA LITTÉRATURE Jean-Pascal Gond1, Samuel Mercier2 INTRODUCTION L’objectif de cette contribution est de clarifier la littérature portant sur la théorie des parties prenantes ou Stakeholder Theory (SHT désormais) qui foisonne depuis la publication de l’ouvrage fondateur de Freeman en 1984. Cette approche propose une analyse des relations nouées entre l’entreprise et son environnement entendu au sens large. La SHT est devenue l’une des références

intuition des probabilités et de l’espérance mathématique, et de son étonnant pari. Elle n'est devenue une branche importante des mathématiques qu’à partir des années 1940. Surtout après la publication de la Théorie des jeux et du comportement économique (Theory of Games and Economic Behavior) par John von Neumann et Oskar Morgenstern, en 1944. Cet ouvrage fondateur détaillait la méthode de résolution des jeux à somme nulle. Lors de sa présentation, la théorie rencontra une vive opposition de la part des

finance and second, to make an inventory of present and potential contributions of financial theory to financial strategy from academic and decision-making points of view. The discussion presents recent developments of financial research, shows uses of financial theory for financial strategy and insists on drawbacks of a research, disconnected from all normative preoccupation. KEY WORDS Financial theory, financial strategy, academic survey, financial decision-making 3 Il y a plus de dix ans

company to manage its earnings upward or even downward, resulting in a small statistical occurrence of small earnings decreases. But we should not forget that there can also be a psychological factor to earnings management. As stated in the prospect theory of Kahneman and Tversky (1979)[10], people have an aversion to absolute and relative losses, which could also explain not only the will of the Management to manage earnings in order to avoid losses, but also the way the other stakeholders (investors

(1903-1957, mathématicien et physicien américain d'origine hongroise, a apporté d'importantes contributions tant en mécanique quantique, qu'en analyse fonctionnelle, en théorie des ensembles) et Oskar Morgenstern postulent dans un ouvrage fondateur Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, Princeton University Press que tous les problèmes économiques peuvent se rapporter à un jeu de stratégie entre des acteurs rationnels. La théorie des jeux est ainsi un outil de modélisation et d’analyse d’interactions

products are consumed over one billion drinks each day! Success factors of Coca Cola There are a lot of factors which bring Coca Cola to an unbelievable success. Marketing, Advertising, etc. Firstly, for the Marketing, I want to use SWOT theory to analysis its strategy. For the Strengths, the image of Coca Cola is popular and stands for a very American style. It is not just a symbol of quality, but a statement of lifestyle; Coca Cola's images are displayed not only on bottles, but also

la critique de l’économie politique ? » Revue philosophique de Louvain, 102 (2), 2004, p. 258-283. - ARNSPERGER (C.) et VAROUFAKIS (Yanis) « Toward a Theory of Solidarity ». Erkenntnis, 59 (2OO3), p. 157-188. - ARNSPERGER (C.) et PICAVET (Emmanuel) « More than modus vivendi, less than overlapping consensus : towards a political theory of social compromise ». Social Science Information / Information sur les sciences sociales, 43 (2), 2004, p. 167-204. - BARRY (Brian) Theories of Justice