Lawrence Ferlinghetti

Programming Interface). Il suffit d’utiliser la bibliothèque mpiprof à l’édition de liens donc il n’est pas nécessaire d’implémenter le code. 3. Outils de profiling 3.1 ToolGear Ce logiciel est gratuit et a été développé au LLNL (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory). On peut le télécharger à l’adresse suivante : http://www.llnl.gov/CASC/download/download_home.html. Il est construit sur des outils standards tels que DPCL (Dynamic Probe Class Library) ou PAPI (Performance Application

associate of the Center for International Security and Arms Control at Stanford University. I greatly benefited from discussions about earlier drafts of this article at seminars at the Aspen Strategy Group, the Institute for Defense Analysis, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Monterey Institute of International Studies, the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies, and the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. For especially detailed comments and criticisms, I thank Itty Abraham

son quotient intellectuel est évalué à 1493. Son appétit de lecture ne se dément pas, marquant un net intérêt pour la littérature et la poésie (il lit James Joyce, William Blake et Arthur Rimbaud, ainsi que les « beat poets » Allen Ginsberg, Lawrence Ferlinghetti et surtout Michael McClure, avec qui il se liera d'amitié en 1968), mais également pour l'histoire antique (il se passionne pour les Vies parallèles de Plutarque) et pour la philosophie, surtout pour les écrits de Friedrich Nietzsche qui le

Francisco, aux alentours de 1950. Jack Kerouac situe Sur la Route en 1948. Le mouvement a réuni quelques poètes et romanciers comme Allen Ginsberg, Gregory Corso, Gary Snyder, Kerouac et William Burroughs. L'un des plus doués des poètes Beat, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, a fondé la Librairie City Lights et a édité et vendu les écrits des Beats. La Librairie City Light est bien sûr devenue le quartier général des écrivains Beat. La révolte de la Beat Generation ne se réduisait pas à une simple destruction des

under the influence of speeds). “Howl”, a poem by Allen Ginsberg is also one of the Beats' masterpieces. Howl" was originally written as a performance piece, but it was later published by poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti of City Lights Books. The poem was originally considered to be obscene, and Ferlinghetti was arrested and charged with its publication. On October 3, 1957 Judge Clayton W. Horn ruled that the poem was not obscene, and "Howl" went on to become the most popular poem of the Beat Generation

the end of the First World War, Ben Hecht in Chicago, who had just gone through the Munich Commune, thought of himself as completely a member of the same City State as Ernst Toller, Louis Aragon, Blaise Cendrars or George Grosz. In 1923 Sam Putnam, Lawrence Lipton and myself, led a Dadaist movement in Chicago known as “The Escalator” which was quite as lunatic as anything ever managed by Max Ernst or Francis Picabia or Tristan Tzara. Notice the names — German, Catalonian, Rumanian — the Western European

Beckett, Samuel Berge, Claude Bradbury, Ray Burroughs, William Bukowsi, Charles Butor, Michel Calvino, Italo Camus, Albert Capote, Truman Chabrol, Jean-Pierre Clarke, Arthur C. Corso, Gregory Ducharme, Réjean Duras, Marguerite (ci) Ferlinghetti, Lawrence Foucault, Michel Gary, Romain Genet, Jean Ginsberg, Allen Grandbois, Alain Green, Julien Guevremont, Germaine Hébert, Anne Heller, Joseph Isou, Isidore Goldstein, dit Isidore Jones, James Kerouac, Jack (John) Kessel, Joseph Leclerc

Bouquet.” On native ground, Shepard learned from the free associative forms of Beat poetry. He embraced the improvisational aspects of a free language, of a word-play liberated from rigid structures of meter and logical coherence. The poetry of Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Allen Ginsberg appealed to his verbal imagination, as did Jack Kerouac’s “oceanic” prose in On the Road (1957). A rock musician who would later become a film star, Shepard was also drawn to the improvisational forms of jazz music. From Albee

: - Poe, Edgar Allan: “The Fall of the House of Usher;” “The Cask of Amontillado”; “The Raven”; “To Science”; “The Bells” - Whitman, Walt: “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” - Henry James: “The Real Thing” - Faulkner, William: “Barn Burning” - Ferlinghetti, Lawrence: “Third World Calling”; “Baseball Canto” - Ginsberg, Allen: “A Supermarket in California” - Di Prima, Diane: “American Indian Art: Form and Tradition,” “Ave” - Welch, Lew: “Song of the Turkey Buzzard” 2) Díaz, Junot: The Brief Wondrous

de Catulle, Catullus, expérience où se trouve ébranlée la notion traditionnelle de traduction. Les Black Mountain Plus que la tapageuse beat generation (dont on ne connaît en France que les poètes les moins intéressants, Corso plus que Snyder, Ferlinghetti plus que Whalen), le premier mouvement véritablement contemporain de la poésie américaine est celui des Black Mountain. C'est le nom d'un collège expérimental du sud des États-Unis qui fut longtemps dirigé par le peintre Josef Albers, rescapé du