Propaganda Due

Africa, French, the language of the former colonizer, is used by a number of Maghrebi intellectuals as a means of artistic creativity. The increasing production of creative works in English in recent years speaks to a remarkable phenomenon that deserves due consideration. The 1990s saw the first publications of creative writings in English by North African authors; these publications included poetry, the short story and the novel. However, unlike Indian, Nigerian or Australian literatures, Maghrebi writings

 ; le caractère spécial du phénomène de la propagande ne paraît pas avoir été saisi. * 38 . LUMLEY F. E., The propaganda menace, New York-London, The Century Publishing Company, 1933. * 39  WARNOTTE D., "Contribution à la Sociologie de temps présent (sociologie, politique et histoir(...) 94Par contre le professeur américain Lumley a publié une étude intitulée The propaganda menace 38 largement commentée par notre regretté Daniel Warnotte dans son rapport présenté au XIIe Congrès de l'Institut

the inception of “Organized Activism.” That is to say Yassine founded the movement, albeit under a different name. However, the various name-changes it was forced to undergo before finally settling on al-‘adl wa al-iħsān in September 1987 were all due to official pressure from the authorities, and did not reflect internal changes in terms of the message or ideology. The timing for the foundation of the movement is significant, since 1982 marked the beginning of the 15th century AH, which event caused

cessent de démontrer que les Etats ne sont plus, loin s'en faut, les acteurs exclusifs des relations internationales»46. Bien entendu, cette brusque évolution n'a pas été provoquée par des considérations de technique juridique. Pour certains, elle est due à une forte pression éthique, «c'està-dire l'indignation de l'opinion publique47 contre des crimes sans nom48 et aussi 44 45 Ibid. p. 18. Voir Paul HOUEE, « Des territoires pour les hommes», in Foi et développement, n° 266, Septembre 1998. 46

« contagion morale », « presse », « art oratoire », « exigences des factions », etc... ; le caractère spécial du phénomène de la propagande ne paraît pas avoir été saisi. 94 Par contre le professeur américain Lumley a publié une étude intitulée The propaganda menace 38 largement commentée par notre regretté Daniel Warnotte dans son rapport présenté au XIIe Congrès de l'Institut international de Sociologie (Bruxelles, août 1935) 39. 95 Rappelons que Lumley, qui a publié en 1928 des Principles of Sociology

trust in the people’s ability to comprehend the delicate task of adopting or rejecting Constitutional provisions that ultimately prevented the referendum from entering the Constitution. This failure to hand the sovereign power back to the people was due, according to the National Assembly members themselves, to the fear that the people would not make good use of such instruments, given their poor cultural and educational levels at that time. One of the Assembly members, while regretting this decision

century, Thomas Barratt, whom many consider the father of modern advertising, launched a series of ads featuring children, animals, flowers, and beautiful women to promote the company’s products. During World War I, advertising became a medium for propaganda. This period also saw increased mechanization of the industry, making ads more costly. When new mass media, as the radio and cinema became commercially available in the first part of the 20th century, the advertising industry quickly

trarre conseguenze generalizzanti), oppure con il metodo problematico. Perché una ricerca possa essere ascritta alla scienza del diritto comparato è necessario che ci siano almeno due oggetti da comparare, che la finalità sia quella di operare un confronto, che il metodo non si riduca a un’elementare accostamento di due sistemi o istituti appartenenti ordinamenti, che i riferimenti comparatistica non siano strumentali all’analisi dell’ordinamento di appartenenza, o che lo scopo sia quello di operare

carrying all the responsibilities it entails. This is indubitably a call for inculturation and self-reliance. 1.2.4. Need for Inculturation The splendid growth and achievements of the Church in Africa and particularly in the Bunia Diocese, are due largely to the heroic and selfless dedication of generations of missionaries. It is appropriate to pay profound respect to the missionaries. However, in view of the shortcomings of evangelization noted above, there is an acute need for the inculturation

absolute rights even in times of emergency. There are many examples of the erosion of rights in the OSCE region since September 11, but nowhere is the concern more acute than in the United States itself. The US, which has strong traditions of ensuring due process and fair trials to criminal defendants, has placed a large Throughout the report, we use the term “September 11” or “the events of September 11” to refer to the terrorist attacks on Washington, DC and New York that took place on 11 September