The British Parliament

History of the parliament:
In 1066, William of Normandy brought a feudal system. In the 13thrd decade, the parliament had been separated into two Houses: one including the nobility and higher clergy and the other including the knights, and no law could be made without the consent of both Houses. Following the Treaty of Union in 1707, Acts of Union were passed in both Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland, which created a new Kingdom of Great Britain. The Act dissolved both parliaments, replacing them with a new Parliament of the Kingdom of Great Britain. After the independence of The Irish State, in 1922, the parliament was renamed the Parliament of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland in 1927.

Composition of the parliament:
The parliament of the United Kingdom of the Great Britain and the Northern Ireland or the Imperial Parliament is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories.
The sovereignty belongs to the parliament. It means that the parliament has power on all others political bodies in the UK and its territories.
The Sovereign, Queen Elizabeth the Second, is at its head.
The parliament is bicameral with an upper house: The House of Lords, and lower house: the House of Commons. The Queen is the third component of the legislature.
In theory, the supreme legislative power belongs to the Queen but in practice, in modern times, real power is vesting in the House of Commons. The Sovereign always acts on the advice of the Prime minister and the powers of the House of Lords are limited.
Both houses of the British parliament are presided over by a speaker, The Speaker of the House of Commons and the Lord Speaker in the House of Lords.
For the Commons’ Speaker, the approval of the Sovereign is theoretically required before the election.
Both houses may decide questions by voice vote: members of commons shout out “Aye” or “No” or “Content” or “No content” in the lords.
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