Priscilla Pastré
Business in Marketing
T00141607

Analyse and discuss the political, social and cultural environment of Ireland from the formation of the Free State up to 1960.

Introduction

After centuries of British occupation marked by many rebellions where Irish Republicans have worked for the right of Irish people as a whole to attain national self-determination, Ireland increased its independence movements.
In this study we will talk about the evolution of the Irish society in Ireland from the formation of the Free State, (which was declared on May 3rd 1921) until the 1960’s marked by an artistic renewal. These changes were politic, social and cultural.
How Ireland managed to become independent? And what were the consequences of this action on the political, social and cultural environment of Ireland?
This study will be divided into two parts: first we will explore how the state became independent and its political system until 1960, and then, we will identify the social and cultural changes that the independence of the state brings into Ireland.

I. The independence of the State and the political system

In the early twentieth century, the Irish Arthur Griffith created a nationalist and republican movement called the "Sinn Fein" which takes its name from the Irish Gaelic expression of « We Ourselves'». Linked to Sinn Fein, the IRA (Irish Republican Army) was born in the context of civil war for independence in Ireland. It carries out violent actions against the British to force them to give full autonomy to the country. In 1916, under the leadership of the Irish Republican Brotherhood of Sinn Fein and the Irish Citizen Army of James Connolly, the 1916 Easter Uprising in Dublin broke out, which proclaims the Republic in the name of God and of vanished generations. It was crushed after a week, but Sinn Fein became more and more popular and triumphantly won the elections in December 1918. The Sinn Fein created an Irish parliament,