Diabete

Definition

Diabetes mellitus, often simply referred to as diabetes—is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger).

There are 2 types of Diabete : diabete of type 1 and diabete of type 2.

The 2 types of diabetes
Type 1

Results from the body’s failure to produce insulin, and presently requires the person to inject insulin. (Also referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM for short, and juvenile diabetes.)

The symptoms
Type 2

Results from insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with an absolute insulin deficiency. (Formerly referred to as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM for short, and adult-onset diabetes.)

The causes
Type 1

Most affected people are otherwise healthy and of a healthy weight when onset occurs. Sensitivity and responsiveness to insulin are usually normal, especially in the early stages. Type 1 diabetes can affect children or adults but was traditionally termed "juvenile diabetes" because it represents a majority of the diabetes cases in children.

Type 2

Changes in the shape of the lenses of the eyes, resulting in vision changes = Blurred vision is a common complaint leading to a diabetes diagnosis; the type 2 change is generally more gradual, but should still be suspected.

The diagnosis

Type 1

Type 1 diabetes is also partly inherited and then triggered by certain infections. There is a genetic element in individual susceptibility to some of these triggers. However, even in those who have inherited the susceptibility, type 1 diabetes mellitus seems to require an environmental trigger.

Type 2

The cause of diabetes