Our countries:

Europe: Poland [pic]

America: USA [pic]

Africa : South Africa [pic]

1st question: presentation of the three countries

I. Poland 1. Hofstede analysis
[pic]

- Power distance:

For the Polish society, typical norm is medium power distance (60). Possible explanation of these results lies in the role of the communist ideology during the past few decades proclaiming equality in all aspects of social life. However, the recent experience of the Poles has indicated to them a rising inequality and a rapid differentiation of the society in terms of income and opportunities.

- Uncertainty avoidance:

It is very high (84).Some scientists find explanation for Polish high score in the role of the communist system and its claims to provide security for the population. Moreover, 95% of the Polish society is Catholic, who believes in one God who represents an absolute Truth. Jan Zieleniewski (Organisation and Management, pages 539-540) hypothesized that “Poles are able to make decisions quickly and often successfully, possessing a high level of ingenuity. When emotionally reassured, they are capable of great sacrifice. However, on the whole, Poles tend to be suspicious and unresponsive to arguments that do not coincide with their emotional framework. They neglect details, are impatient, and lacked persistence. In addition, Poles prefer positive to negative motivational practices, and were not vulnerable to threats”.

- Individualism/collectivism:

Relatively high level of individualism in Polish society (60) in opinion of some scientists refers to the Catholic Church which projects the individuals as wholly responsible for their actions. Furthermore, despite socialist history of Poland with some collectivistic values internalized by members of society, there have been strong western influence for many years and Poland now is more individualistic than expected.

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