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employment potentials of economic sectors, especially in manufacturing industries between 1985 and 2001. Secondly, we evaluate the impacts of trade openness and specialisation on net employment creation both from an empirical study and from an econometric analysis. Our results moderate traditional conclusions, which generally display a positive impact of economic openness on employment. JEL classification: F16, J23, O14, O57. Key words : Trade openness, economic growth, employment, specialization