Switzerland

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part of its investments after the Second World War and searched a way to rebuild its economy by promoting foreign direct investments. The use of the BITs as a new method of establishing investment accords between countries has been followed by Switzerland that signed its first BIT in 1961 and France, in 1962. A not really significant number of BITs was concluded from the 1960’s until the1980’s. However, the spectacular increase of the BITs only happened in the 90’s, when the states realized that

Leung International Consultants Limited, London Gerson Lehrman Group (Global Experts) Council Member International Expert, Reuters Insight Community of Experts, Thompson Reuters Brain Trust Member, The Evian Group (global think-tank), Lausanne, Switzerland Distinguished Contributor, Asymmetric Threats Contingency Alliance (ATCA) (global think-tank) Elected Member, Royal Society for Asian Affairs Senior Consultant, MEC International Global Commercial Agent, Changsha City, China Visiting Professor,

Spain | |13.Germany |33.Sweden | |14.Greece |34.Switzerland | |15.Hungary |35.Tajikistan | |16.Ireland |36.The former

of Europe Urals 1. Aim 2. Development 3. Classifications 4. Definitions 5. Approaches 6. Europe Caucasus Pyrennes Carpathians Apennines Economic Geography of Europe 07.10.2010 36 Alps Geography of EU EU ≠ European continent (e.g. Switzerland, Norway, Russia) borders with 21 other nations coastline is 66,000 km long (Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and Adratic Sea) mountains: Alps (Mont Blanc), Carpathian and Scandinavian Mountains Economic Geography of Europe 07.10.2010

The Amish, or Amish Mennonite church fellowships, are a Christian religious denomination known for their simple living, plain dress, and resistance to the adoption of many modern conveniences. They originated back in Europe due to a schism in Switzerland within a group of Swiss and Alsatian Anabaptists in 1693 (Gutkind, 1953). In the early 18th century, many Amish immigrated to North America in areas such as Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana and Ontario to avoid persecution. Though initially following

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26 Turkey Mexico Poland Slovak Hungary Czech Portugal Korea Greece New Zealand OECD-Europe Spain OECD-Total Italy Euro zone EU15 Germany Japan France Finland Sweden Iceland Belgium UK Australia Netherlands Canada Denmark Austria Major seven Switzerland Ireland Norway United States Luxembourg PIB par tête, PPA$ 2004 UK = $30,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 27 De l’importance de la correction PPA 28 1.5. Bizarreries et difficultés •Prise

-4 -12 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Source : Economic Analysis by FactSet House Price (L) 2 GDP (R) 23/10/2007 … en Suisse… Switzerland GDP growth vs. Home Sales Median Price growth % change y/y 6% 24% 5% 20% 4% 16% 3% 12% 2% 8% 1% 4% 0% 0% -1% -4% -2% -8% -3% -12% 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992

Brent Oil Base Metals Gold Agricultural Cash Euro Module Total PORTFOLIO STATISTICS Target Ex-ante Volatility Real Ex-ante Volatility -0.09 0.07 -0.5% 0.3% Previous weight 0.0% 1.2% EQUITY DEVELOPED COUNTRIES 1 Alpha US Canada Euroland Japan UK Switzerland Australia Module Total 0.06 -0.17 -0.15 0.18 0.15 0.02 -0.09 0.00 Current weight 1.0% -2.9% -2.5% 2.3% 3.2% 0.5% -1.5% 0.0% Previous weight 6.0% -4.0% -3.3% 4.0% 4.3% -3.9% -3.0% 0.0% EQUITY EMERGING COUNTRIES 2 Alpha Brazil China India South-Korea