Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the Australian continent and near islands.
The Torres Strait Islanders are indigenous to the Torres Strait Islands, which are at the northern-most tip of Queensland near Papua New Guinea.
The term "Aboriginal" has traditionally been applied to indigenous inhabitants of mainland Australia, Tasmania, and some of the other adjacent islands.
Most scholars date the arrival of humans in Australia at 40,000 to 50,000 years ago, with a possible range of up to 125,000 years ago. The earliest human remains found to date are that of Mungo Man which have been dated at about 40,000 years old. It is generally believed that Aboriginal people are the descendants of a single migration into the continent, although a minority propose that there were three waves of migration. Aboriginal people seem to have lived a long time in the same environment as the now extinct Australian megafauna.
Thus over 250 languages existed, around 200 of which are now extinct or on the verge of extinction.

Aboriginal people mainly lived as Hunter-gatherers. They hunted and foraged for food from the land. Aboriginal society was relatively mobile, or semi-nomadic, moving due to the changing food availability found across different areas as seasons changed. The mode of life and material cultures varied greatly from region to region. The greatest population density was to be found in the southern and eastern regions of the continent, the River Murray valley in particular.

Today, they represent only 1% of the Australian population, roughly estimated at around 200,000 people.
Even though the number of Aboriginals who go through compulsory school has almost quadrupled, there are still problems with the education. A lot of Aboriginal children have poor study results and this has a lot to do with their home situations - weak economy, long periods of illnesses and low self-esteem
The relationship between the police and the Aboriginals has always