Geopolitics Conflicts around the Guarani Aquifer

The wealth of a country is going to be measured soon by the resources it owns, and in particular the water it owns. The lack of water will be in a very close future the first war cause, the ownership of water in our actual society will be soon an inestimable trophy. The interstate relations are nowadays articulated around the ownership of some resources considered like vital (water...) This is what constitutes the relative power, independence or the simple existence of country, the one which control water can easily control the international economy. There are many examples, like the coal, the steel, and naturally the oil. It is also the case of the water, often called “blue gold”. If the planet doesn't miss water, we miss drinking water. Indeed, today, 1/5th of the population hasn't any access to drinking water, because of the stain of the water, leading to important human and political issues.

An important example of this issues is a region in the south of America called the “Triple Frontiers”, and which group together Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. The Triple Frontier is a tri-border area along the junction of Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil, where the Iguazu and the Parana rivers converge. The water in this region is located on 1 195 700 square kilometers : 70 % is located on the Brazilian territory, 19% in Argentina, 6% in Paraguay and 5% in Uruguay. This water could serve for approximatively 360 million people. This system could satisfy until 21 % of the demand of the industry in these four countries in 2025, according to a report of the UNO. At an international level, this region is considered like the biggest water reserve.

After the attacks of September 11th in the United States, many Americans were very suspicious about the “Triple Frontiers”, and said that there were units and training camps of the extremist group Hezbollah and Hamas, and even