Civilization

de retracer brièvement sa genèse et les objectifs poursuivis par son auteur. Le livre est issu d’une réflexion amorcée par Huntington dans un article publié durant l’été 1993 dans la revue Foreign Affairs. Cet article s’intitulait The Clash of Civilizations ? et était rédigé sous forme d’hypothèse : Les conflits entre groupes issus de différentes civilisations sont-ils en passe de devenir la donnée de base de la politique globale ? Selon les éditeurs de la revue, cet article a suscité des réactions

on its own options to secure their independence: establishment of democracy and expansion. American citizens, during that process, had to show the same courage as their nation: moving west, they were to fight against the wilderness to bringing civilization: democracy and private ownership. In that context the myth of the self made man appeared, emphasizing courage, individualism, and innovation. « Businessmen » were soon to replace « frontier men » as the embodiment of that myth. c. US

Christine (dir.), Actes du colloque La campagne de 1940, Paris, Tallandier, 2001. F AFAITI Hafid, « Nationalism, Colonialism, and Ethnic Discourse in the Construction of French Identity », in STOVALL Tyler, VAN DEN ABBEELE Georges (dirs), French Civilization and Its Discontents : nationalism, colonialism, race, Lanham, Lexington Books, 2003. GAILLARD Thierry, « Raphaël Élizé (1891-1945) », Revue 303. Au Pays de l’Autre, janvier 2004. GAILLET Léon, Deux ans avec les Sénégalais, Paris/Nancy, Berger-Levrault

the Morrigan , the great goddess of Ireland, and in the three Brigits. I shall return to the rôle of female deities when discussing Celtic mythology; suffice it to mention at this point the high profile that females enjoyed in Celtic civilization . (16) Male triads are rarer, but Cunliffe speculates on whether the three gods Lucan mentions, Teutates, Taranis, and Esus , are not themselves a manifestation of Celtic triplism. (17) (14)Cunliffe ‘The Ancient Celts’ p. 185

known as Indochina. French Indochina was a multi-ethnic society, thanks to the variety of French annexed territories and the attempted unification of these peoples of such different cultures. Some were marked with the imprint of Chinese or Indian civilization and others by the perpetuation of an early Indochinese foundation. Although modern historiography insists on the ephemeral and artificial nature of French colonization, it can be seen that France’s desire to expand led to the union of occidental

civilisations. • Bueno de Mesquita, B.; J.D. Morrow; R.M. Siverson & A. Smith. (1999) “An institutional explanation of the democratic peace,” American Political Science Review, 93(4): 791–807. (#) • Huntington, S. (1993) “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs, 72(3): 22-50. (#) • Layne, C. (1994) “Kant or cant: The myth of the democratic peace,” International Security, 19: 5–49. (*) • Williams, P. (2008) “War” in Paul D. Williams (ed.) Security Studies, New York: Routledge

eds., Richmond Lattimore trans., 1953). “The death penalty is a sacrilege against life. . . . It degrades us without protecting us. It is vengeance, not justice.” Badinter, supra note 7, at 12. See generally alBert schweitzer, the philosophy of civilization 307–44 (C.T. Campion trans., 1949). “A man is truly ethical only when he obeys the compulsion to help all life which he is able to assist, and shrinks from injuring anything that lives. He does not ask how far this or that life deserves one’s sympathy

work of Wilde in the 1890s, until Wilde's imprisonment in 1895 suddenly ended the decadent episode. Symons, in his essay ‘The Decadent Movement in Literature’ (1893), described the phenomenon as‘an interesting disease’ typical of an over‐luxurious civilization, characterized by ‘an intense self‐consciousness, a restless curiosity in research, an over‐subtilizing refinement upon refinement, a spiritual and moral perversity’. This concept of decadence dates from the eighteenth century, especially from

canoes and greeted his crew warmly. Later, the golden bands that the region's inhabitants wore in their noses and ears would inspire the Spaniard Gil Gonzalez Davila to name the country Costa Rica, or Rich Coast. Archaeologists now know that civilization existed in Costa Rica for thousands of years before the arrival of Columbus, and evidence of human occupation in the region dates back 10,000 years. By the time Columbus arrived, there were four major indigenous tribes living in Costa Rica. The

egoists without central authority? This question has intrigued people for a long time. We all know that people are not angels, and that they tend to look after themselves and their own first. Yet we also know that cooperation does occur and that our civilization is based upon it. A good example of the fundamental problem of cooperation is the case where two industrial nations have erected trade barriers to each other’s exports. Because of the mutual advantages of free trade, both countries would be better