Economics

Necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of an optimal portofolio, Journal of Economic Theory, Vol. 8, 235-247 Black F. (1972), Capital market equilibrium with restricted borrowing, Journal of business, Vol 45, 444-455. Cass D. et J.E. Stiglitz (1970), The structure of investor preferences and asset returns, and separability in portofolio analysis: A contribution to the pure theory of mutual funds, Journal of Economic Theory, Vol. 2, 122-160 Chateauneuf A. et M. Cohen (1994), Risk-seeking with diminishing

constitutional revision did not finally settle the problem, however. A controversial amendment declared that Belgium consists of three cultural communities (the Flemish Community, the French(-speaking) Community and the German-speaking Community) and three economic regions (Flanders, Wallonia, and Brussels) each to be granted a significant measure of political autonomy. It was not until 1980, however,that an agreement could be reached on how to implement this new constitutional provision. In August 1980, the

we use a system dynamics methodology for analyzing interlinks and causal relations between socio-economic and environmental variables. Deforestation is driven by many interacting factors such as a limited suite of recurrent core variables, of which the most evident would be socio-economic conditions, populations’ growth and climate factors. Taking this into account, simulations of a socio-economic-environmental model is conducted. Key words: Androy, Dry forest, Natural resources, System dynamics

reduction as management motive for conglomarate mergers, Bell journal of economics. *Amman et Couret (A), les relations actionnaires dirigeants selon les types d’organisation, revue francaise de gestion, pp 93-102, Janvier-Février 1992. *Allard-Poesi F, Maréchal C. (1999), Construction de l’objet de la recherche, in Alchian A.A et Demestez H. (1972), Production, information costs and economics organization, american economic review, vol62, n°5, décember 1972, PP7-8. *Allouche J. et Aman B. (1998)

étaient pas encore devenus États3.» Le Canada, qui tolérait la présence des afro-américain, qui ne les prenait pas comme esclaves a évité une guerre civile, que les États-Unis ont subits. Finalement, l'organisation qui s'appelle Institute for Economics and Peace, une organisation composée du «”Think tank leader mondial” dédié à des mesures de développement pour analyser la paix et de quantifier ses avantages économiques4» détermine un rang pour 153 pays chaque année fondé sur plusieurs aspects

development for countries that adopt it. To do this without falling into the trap of financial crises, a number of prerequisites in economic reforms, financial and institutional matters should be completed. Furthermore, the empirical analysis of panel data conducted for 33 developing countries shows that these conditions vary depending on the characteristics and specific economic and financial implications of each economy. Keywords: Financial liberalization, financial development, a prerequisite for success

CLCF - the Commission for the Liberation of Growth created by Nicolas Sarkozy to study specific issues and offer suggestions and recommendations about the economic crisis. I chose the following articles because they illustrate basic economic concepts. The first one, Get Down to Business, deals with the economic crisis and the different economic stimulus plans launched by the governments. The second one, The Vain G-20 was published the day before the G-20 Pittsburgh summit. J. Attali explains in the

économiques. 1 – Culture scientifique, éthique du travail et performances économiques Aux États-Unis l’étude de la relation culture-performance économique explique la création de la revue Economic Development and Cultural Change. Cette revue a été créée par Bert F. HOSELITZ dans le cadre du Center on Economic Development and Cultural Change. HIRSCHMAN (1965) rappelle cette histoire et trace un programme de recherche. Il rappelle que selon HOSELITZ une culture est favorable au développement économique

to a warming of the planet (Oxford dictionary). As a consequence, the increase of global temperatures entails climate changes (Copenhagen consensus). At the present time, some people think is more important to focus on other priorities such as economic recession, however, there are several reasons showing why addressing climate change should be a priority for every governments. A major reason is because of climate change, according to scientists, has a direct impact on the human life and also the

“The Crisis and the Policy Response”, Stamp Lecture at London School of Economics, January 13. Available at http://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/bernanke20090113a.htm • Blundel-Wignall, A. and Atkinson, P. and Lee S. (2008). “The current Financial Crisis: Cause and Policy Issues”. Financial Market Trends, OECD Publication. • Bose, N. (2002),”Inflation, the credit market, and economic growth”, Oxford Economic Paper. • Calomiris, C. (2008). “The subprime turmoil: What’s old