Equilibrium

L’organisation scientifique du travail est répétitive, ennuyeuse, aliénante. D’où la nécessité pour Ford de doubler le salaire journalier des ouvriers : « Five dollars a day ». La théorie du salaire d’efficience (Mark Shapiro et Joseph Stiglitz, « Equilibrium unemployement as a Worker Discipline Device », American Economic Review, 1984) permet de comprendre que l’on peut améliorer la productivité d’un travailleur en augmentant son salaire alors que l’idée habituelle est inverse. Toute l’histoire du fordisme

drought conditions. They also carry heat and energy away from the tropics and transport it toward temperate latitudes, which makes them an important part of the global atmospheric circulation mechanism. As a result, tropical cyclones help to maintain equilibrium in the Earth's troposphere. Many tropical cyclones develop when the atmospheric conditions around a weak disturbance in the atmosphere are favorable. Others form when other types of cyclones acquire tropical characteristics. Tropical systems are

the next thirty years, because they are needed both for corporate strategies and for long term public policies to secure a sustainable development. In addition, models which are presently constructed to simulate shocks, such as computable general equilibrium models or macroeconomic models based on expectations, all require long term baseline scenarios. Therefore the construction of long term world growth scenarios remains necessary, in spite of the uncertainty attached to the results. The forecast is

advancement in the country, India, as a golden bird, has given us a marvelous historical and social culture. Ruining it for such trivial reasons will fetch nothing but serious consequences. Fighting over old & new is completely useless – maintaining equilibrium is what matters! At the end of the day, when you return back home, it is not your television that will welcome you but it is the contented faces of your people that will bring a smile onto your face. At that moment, you will definitely discover

Demand, AD – AD = C + I + G + X-M – C, Consumption expenditures – I, Investment expenditures – G, Government expenditures – X-M, Foreigners’ Expenditures Aggregate Supply – AS < ASfe – Aggregate Supply, at full employment Macroeconomic Equilibrium – AS = AD – Or – S = I A Keynesian growth model takes a long run perspective. – Aggregate demand (or savings=investment) still is important, but – It also includes the aggregate supply Investment has two impacts: On expenditures (in the

perfectly. She is crying at the end of the sequence, not only because she is going to miss her good friends, but also because she realises that they were keeping her husband happy. Sam Mendes comments in the documentary “she is terrified that their equilibrium is going to crumble”. Which means, she needs them to be happy, even if her husband desires the woman. She would rather have this gorgeous woman around than seeing Shep sad. That is why she is so relieved when Shep tells her the whole plan is stupid

“the question is whether the deviation from a local Maxwellian, which is fed by molecular streaming in the presence of spatial inhomogeneity, is sufficiently strong to ultimately wipe out the inhomogeneity” (...) “a valid proof of the approach to equilibrium in a spatially varying problem requires just the opposite of the procedure that is followed in a proof of the H-Theorem, viz., to show that the distribution function does not approach too closely to a local Maxwellian.” Dans les ann´es 2000, Desvillettes

pour une capacité de production donnée, lorsque le niveau de l’investissement est donné (par unité de temps) ; la détermination du volume de l’investissement. Se reconnaissant dans l’idée selon laquelle « the equilibrium between demand for capital and supply for capital always exists, whatever the rate of interest, because investment always forces savings of the same amount » (1990: 228), Kalecki accepte la théorie

qu’à la recherche d’une croissance raisonnée. Article de la revue académique suédoise repris dans Problèmes Économiques n° 2734 du 31 octobre 2001. Devenu un classique, l'article sur la sélection adverse de Stiglitz, et cosigné avec Rotschild, " Equilibrium in competitive insurance markets : an essay on the economics of imperfect information " (ROTSCHILD et STIGLITZ, 1976), constitue un complément logique aux analyses (1970) et de SPENCE (1973, 1974). Rotschild et Stiglitz se demandent comment des

institutional arrangement because it is what they are used to. Given all these sources for stability, how can we explain change? Until recently, the dominant explanation has been ‘punctuated equilibrium’ (see Thelen and Steinmo 1992). The basic idea here is that institutions remain essentially stable (at equilibrium) until they are faced with an external (exogenous) shock. Increasingly, however, many historical institutionalists have come to criticize this logic, arguing that relying on exogenous shocks