Labour economics

industrial geography. The role of labour demand Summary – This paper aims to analyse the role of labour demand in the spatial organisation of industry since the “Proto-Industrialisation”. After presenting the spatial dimension of the labour demand, we propose different periods of the spatial evolution of industry. The first phase of the industrialisation process is characterised by a dispersion in rural areas where production units benefit from low costs and flexibility of labour force. In the second period

spared are the health and foreign aid to development in accordance with his election promises. These measures are likely to put the United Kingdom into recession when he had already been hit hard by the subprime crisis. Indeed, as denounced by the Labour, the poorest people will be more affected by the austerity plan. Poor people, disabled, working parents will hardly make ends meet. Newspapers talk of "masochism economist" who could bring the country to its knees, the consumer market may collapse

actively seeking employment. (Chapter 9 of Mulhearn & Vane, 2011) Major political issue and still relevant, unemployment can be defined in 3 stages: frictional unemployment is temporary and is due to changes in labour markets, while cyclical unemployment occurs when the demand for labour is low. Finally, we distinguish a third type of unemployment, structural unemployment, reflecting a mismatch between supply and demand works. Different schools of economists have tried to explain unemployment and

of India's comparative advantage in IT offshore outsourcing, the authors pursue their enquiry whether rising labour costs are being compensated by rising productivity. A sample of six firms including the big three in Bangalore was selected for a field survey, and the total factor productivity (TFP) approach used to look at trends of output, capital employed and wage costs per unit labour, enriched by insightful discussions on site. While the trend towards decreasing age profile of the work force

Child labour today About End Child Exploitation End Child Exploitation is a UNICEF UK campaign to raise awareness about the grim realities of child exploitation. This report, the third in the series, exposes the exploitation of children as workers. Tens of millions of children around the world today work long hours from very young ages. Some are even recruited as cannon fodder for political causes, or are treated as sex toys. Here we explain the nature and scale of the problem and the growing

Soviet Union. Her other principle consists in “practical change”, which is reducing the agricultural budget and more exactly reducing Britain’s contribution (cf. 1979 “I want my money back”). The other major principle pointed out is the importance of economic liberalism, which therefore leads to the will of reducing the government’s intervention and the abolition of barriers and the free movement of goods, capital etc. (represented by the signature of the Maastricht treaty in 1992). Once again, Thatcher

chairman of the Mauritius Export Processing Zone Association 2010). They waste time in transports and often delay the deliveries. • High labour cost: the company fights against worldwide competitors where a cheaper labour force can be found and then that offer better prices to clients. • Opportunities Threats • Availability and even abundance of Vietnamese low labour cost, of youthful and skilled workers will give competitive advantage to the company. • Vietnam’s location: it is nearer to Asian

better educated; and this is true for many countries (Cutler et al 2006). A behavioural explanation offered to support this is that, in recessions, when the forgone alternative of time is low, mothers substitute their time away from the labour market and towards health-preserving activities, and this substitution effect overwhelms the income effect (Bhalotra 2010). Again an individual data on infant mortality for about 152,000 children born to 50,000 mothers across 15 major states in India

huge issue. Living conditions for most Egyptian people remain poor. Job opportunities have grown at a slower rate in comparison to population growth. Moreover in rural areas, there is a poor distribution of labour; some regions have an excess labour force while others have a scarcity of labour. 20% of the population lives under the poverty line. The minimum wage in Egypt is 35 Egyptian Pounds (EGP = 6, 50 dollars) per month since 1984. Trade unions want to increase the minimum wage to around 1

RACE RELATIONS IN BRITAIN TODAY Immigration After the second world war, due to Britain’s shortage of labour (mainly in manual, low-skilled jobs) and to the necessity to rebuild the country, the British government invited Commonwealth citizens (= citizens of the former colonies of the British Empire) to settle in the UK to fill those vacant jobs and to participate to the reconstruction effort. From the 1940s to the 1960s, immigrants came from the three main areas of the Commonwealth: 1. the Indian