India
Description d’un document
India was one of the first British colonies to stand up against British rule. Gandhi, who developed new forms of rebellion, soon became an emblematic figure of political activism worldwide. * How and why did Gandhi become the very embodiment of opposition to British domination?
First we’ll see what had encouraged Gandhi to rebel against British rule and secondly we’ll study about the methods used by Gandhi to act.
I. From London educated lawyer to strong activist.
The British increase then their influence until control, by 1850, the major part of the territory of India. As early as 1885, Indian local elites formed the congress party and demanded self-government, but to no avail. It was only when Gandhi, a lawyer, got involved in the emancipation movement that rebellion really begins. From 1920, Gandhi transforms Indian National Congress into a movement of mass fighting the British colonial dominion. The movement will manage to obtain the independence by using as weapons the nonviolence and the civil disobedience.
II. Gandhi: a man of loud words a man of effective action.
Gandhi considers that the colonizers are powerful only because the Indian people accept economic solutions which are them favorable; he preaches then the boycott of British goods and institutions, what leads him and thousands of people in prison. In 1922, Gandhi was sentenced to six years imprisonment but he was released after two years. In 1930, he proclaimed a new campaign of civil disobedience in protest a tax on salt, leading thousands on “The Salt March” to symbolically make their own salt from seawater. During the Second World War, Gandhi wrote the resolution Quit India, which demands the depart of English and engenders a vast anti-British movement.
III. British response to his form of opposition.
In 1945, the British government began negotiations which culminated in the Mountbatten Plan of June 1947, and the