CARBOHYDRATES
M1
2010 - 2011

Objectives of Lesson
By the end of the Lesson, each student should be able to * 1/ define and classify carbohydrates * 2/ understand the structure and function of carbohydrates.

Lesson Plan * Introduction to Carbohydrates * Classification of Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides: definition, examples, structure – glucose, fructose, galactose, etc
Disaccharides: definition, examples, structure – lactose, sucrose, maltose, etc
Oligosaccharides: definition, examples, structure – fructo-oligopolysaccharide, etc
Polysaccharides: definition, examples, structure – starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
INTRODUCTION
Owona Bounoungou – General Medicine wwnt out to make a phone call on Thursday, 4 November 2010 at 5H43pm. Carbohydrates is considered as any compound with the formula Cm(H2O)n. Compounds with only one or two carbon atoms are not considered as carbohydrates. Formaldehyde (systematic name: methanal) is an organic compound with the formula CH2O. As the simplest aldehyde, it is an important precursor to many other chemical compounds, especially for polymers . Figure 1: Schematic structure of Methanal
Glycolaldehyde (HOCH2-CH=O) is the smallest possible molecule that contains both an aldehyde group and a hydroxyl group.

Figure 2: Schematic structure of 2-hydroxyacetaldehyde
Carbohydrates perform numerous roles in living things. For example, polysaccharides serve for the storage of energy (e.g., starch and glycogen) and as structural components (e.g., cellulose in plants and chitin in arthropods). The 5-carbon monosaccharide ribose is an important component of coenzymes (e.g., ATP, FAD, and NAD) and the backbone of the genetic molecule known as RNA. The related deoxyribose is a component of DNA.
Saccharides and their derivatives include many other important biomolecules that play key roles