PSNEA : JAPAN

Post-war politics :
The allies’ forces defeated Japan and the whole political system was changed after 1945 with the implementation of a new constitution, a new fundamental law. This new fundamental law is really a turning point for Japan → the new Japan.
Turning point on 1945: implementation of democracy as a ruling political system. Before it used to be an imperialist regime.
By the end of the 30’s the imperialist regime was also a military regime.
The turning point of 1945 is about the implementation of pacifism as a ruling philosophy, and pacifism as the foundation of Japanese specific role within the international community.
The implementation of democracy was partly the result of strong pressure from the ally’s power, especially the USA. (General MacArthur - SCAP).
All those processes would not have been possible if there were not already some roots in the Japanese political regime permitting the implementation of democracy.
Japan lost the war, so Japan was not in any position to decide anything, capitulation with no condition. Japan had already for years and decades political parties, multi-parties and democracy in a way (20’s → strong political movements in favour of the democracy in Japan).
All the already existing roots in the Japanese political regime permitted as Implementation of the democracy in a rather easy manner in Japan for the Americans and General MacArthur.

The Meiji period (1868-1945)
The restoration of the emperor system was done during the Meiji period. The restoration of the emperor. In 1968, there is a consensus among all the shogun that Japan should reunified, in order not to be invaded, under a central power and that this central power should be represented by the emperor.
At that time, China was under colonization by the western power.
Establishment of the emperor Meiji system, establishment of a new political system in Japan: parliamentary system under the emperor with two chambers:
→ The house of