Introduction

Decolonization in different parts of the world had consequences which are still visible today. From this point of view, the partition of former British Raj offers a concrete example. In 1947, India and Pakistan became independent. On the one hand, India is a multicultural state and lay, and on the other hand Pakistan is an Islamic and centralized state.

The Kashmir problem is therefore as old as India and Pakistan since it was born from the partition of the colonial India. It is the perfect illustration of clashes following accession of India and Pakistan to independence. This province has never ceased to be coveted by both states. In half a century, the conflicts in region did hundreds of deaths. These repeated conflicts structure the Indo-Pakistani relations, tumultuous since 1947.

The Kashmir region is characteristic of a former Indo-Pakistani conflict and apparently without lasting solution. Despite the normalization of relations between the two countries, the issue of Kashmir remains the object of a face-to-face more or less dangerous with new challenges.

I. Profile

Historical backgrounds

In 1947, Great Britain granted independence to India after several years of claims and protests. It was during this sharing that the conflict has crystallized. The land of Gandhi became free, and was divided into three parties, India, where Hinduism is practiced, the East Pakistan and West Pakistan, both Muslims.

In this revision of the borders, mostly Muslim states were connected, in principle, with West Pakistan (now Pakistan) and East (now Bangladesh). Kashmir, a region bordering India and Pakistan, was an exception. This territory had the particularity to be led by a Hindu Maharaja, who ultimately chose to join the Indian Union. Three months after the withdrawal of British, Indian and Pakistani armies clashed in what became the first episode in a war that continues today about a territory north of