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partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of French Studies by Nabil Augustin Boudraa B.A., Université de Bouzaréa, Algiers, 1993 M.A., Queens College, 1998 May 2002 A la mémoire de ma mère, à ma famille et à toute la Kabylie. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my professor, Dr. Jefferson Humphries, for his considerable guidance, patience and support. I also thank him for believing and showing confidence in me

l'acceptation de cette nouvelle technique. 48 Jean Baudrillard, Amérique, Paris, Grasset, 1987, 123 p. 49 "Contemporary screens, which have neither the portability nor the tactility of printed books, make the act of reading somewhat more difficult. For people like me who do a large portion of their reading reclining on a bed or couch, screens also appear less convenient". Georges Landow, Hypertext : the Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University

. . . . . . . . . . 11.10TERMINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.11FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE . . . . . . . . . 11.12RELICENSING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.13ADDENDUM : How to use this License for your documents Bibliographie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 85 241 . 241 . 242 . 243 . 244 . 244 . 246 . 247 . 247 . 247 . 248 . 248 . 249 . 249 251 6 TABLE DES MATIÈRES Introduction Ces notes proviennent

. . . . . . . . . . 11.10TERMINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.11FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE . . . . . . . . . 11.12RELICENSING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.13ADDENDUM : How to use this License for your documents Bibliographie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 . 241 . 242 . 243 . 244 . 244 . 246 . 247 . 247 . 247 . 248 . 248 . 249 . 249 251 6 TABLE DES MATIÈRES Introduction Ces notes proviennent

indignation appeared in several parts of the country, and has recently crystallized in an encompassing political movement, February 20th. This movement, whose demands are not new, reminds of the whole dynamic born in the 1940's in a context of struggle for independence. Will Moroccans catch up with lost time, or, more accurately, will they complete independence as desired by their predecessors? 15 Numéro 4-5, Spécial "Printemps arabe", 2011 les prémices d'une crise, l’urgence d’un changement

exp´erimentale et mod´elisation. Linguistics. Universit´e de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2008. French. <tel-00370460> HAL Id: tel-00370460 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370460 Submitted on 24 Mar 2009 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire

l’adaptation de la comptabilité aux nouveautés économiques et sociales d’une époque et d’un lieu donnés, cette adaptation favorise la diffusion temporelle et spatiale de ces nouveautés dans tout le 1 Gray R., 2010. Is accounting for sustainability actually accounting for sustainability…and how would we know? An exploration of narratives of organisations and the planet. Accounting, Organizations and Society 35 (1): 47-62. 2 Notre traduction de “most business reporting on sustainability and much business

how often those outside the discipline of design assume what designers do is decoration. » 2 Citation originale : « Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works. » 3 Citation originale : « If you ask a designer for a definition of design, you are often answered with a smirk, a joke, or a change of subject, as design is notoriously difficult to define, and designers are much more at ease learning and knowing by doing than they are explaining. » 2 1. Introduction

secular functions, so that religious affiliation can increase for secular as people want to affiliate to meet or make friends, even while their religious observance may be declining.”[19] Avui dia, els jueus dels EUA, es caracteritzen : a) teològicament : per un predomini de la ‘symbolic religiosity’ : “Consumption of religious symbols apart from regular participation in a religious culture or in religious organizations, for the purpose of expressing feelings of religiosity and religious identification”

Human Condition. Londres : Sage. HERON, J. et REASON, P (1997). A participatory inquiry paradigm. Qualitative . Inquiry, vol.3, no 3, p. 274-294. KEMMIS. S. (1994). Improving Education Through Research. Dans Ortrun Zuber-Skerritt. Action Research for Change and Development. Aldershot, Avebury, p. 57-75. LAVE, J. et WENGER, E.C. (1991. Situated Learning : Legitimate Peripheral participation. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. LAVOIE, L., MARQUIS, D. et LAURIN, P. (2003). La recherche-action