Welfare economics

Ireland is not an exception. Ever since the seventeenth century when the English succeeded in securing the island, have there been stark divisions. At this time the line between the Protestant north and Catholic south was made, only worsened by economic differences. The north had a better standard of living through its industry while the south had a low standard of living. Things became official in the twentieth century when the Protestants and Catholics separated into warring groups, politically

siècle n’auraient probablement pas eu lieu. Une application à la lettre de la théorie des prix privilégie le niveau de concurrence le plus élevé, hors considérations d’économie ou de bien-être social. Le premier article de Williamson dans l’American Economic Review (1968) montre bien que la politique concurrentielle libérale a un coût très élevé pour l’économie et le bien-être américain. Elle privilégie le marché de façon dogmatique alors que plus de hiérarchie serait nécessaire. Williamson a été suivi

issued a report in which he advocated a revolutionary plan of the British social insurance. In his new plan, Beveridge took into account the whole British society. His plan is very pragmatic as it concerns all British inhabitants from a social and economic point of view. Beyond the official goal which aimed at protecting the British citizens from need, Beveridge even wanted to suppress the differences between classes thanks to the universality and the unity of the social insurance he suggested. Beveridge

food aid, if not managed appropriately, can reduce farm prices and hurt farmer income. Aid flows potentially can undermine incentives for both private and government saving. They can also sustain bad governments in power, helping to perpetuate poor economic policies and postpone reform. This view has been supported by a range of empirical studies, mostly published from the early 1970s through the mid-1990s. While these studies have been influential, many are of questionable quality, especially using

____________________________________________________________ ______ We would like to thank Masahiko Aoki, Jerry Caprio, Serdar Dinc, John Roberts, Paul Romer and seminar participants at Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Stanford University Department of Economics and Graduate School of Business, and The World Bank All remaining errors are ours. This paper represents the views of the authors and does not necessarily represent that of any organization with which they are or have been affiliated. Thomas Hellmann

who do not remains clearly drawn. Westphalian principle of sovereign equality = weighted voting, but national territory remains clearly defined. Constitutional independence but not withdrawal bcz costs in terms of loss of status, influence and economic advantages would be very high. New interpretation of statehood remains unclear Sovereignty hasn’t been transferred to state-like federation but sovereignty increasingly held in common = pooled among gvts. Inherently untidy and inefficient system

the recognition of Indigenous rights will be explained. 1- Indigenous view on globalization 1.1- Globalization is European imperialism The view that Indigenous people have on globalization goes far beyond a vision that only considers economic principles and this view is reflected in their responses. For them, globalization can be tracked back until the discoveries of the Americas by Columbus in 1492. In fact, according to indigenous peoples, for most of the period since 1492, European

The social reforms passed in these years included laws that prohibited child labour, established a compulsory maternity fund and compulsory rest days, and limited the working day of women to 11 hours. Central governments also subsidized municipal welfare schemes such as orphanages and senior citizen housing and encouraged municipal transport, housing, and water and sewage schemes—especially in northern Italy, where the municipalities could afford such innovations. Often these schemes were pioneered

aid on poverty reduction  Sustainability: Brundtland commission SD “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs”. SD is a process of simultanous ensuring continuation of the economic, social and ecological basis of human life. Social sustainability I. The social impact of poverty reduction policies, the case of Burundi To realize the case study of 3 provinces of Burundi, in a first time I will expose the set of concepts

notion is de facto closely linked to the notion of globalization that R. Cox explained as the “growing connectedness and interdependence on a world scale. It is multidimensional: connectedness in politics and the organization of security, in economics and welfare, in culture, in ecology, in values of all kinds”[2]. In this essay, we will try to see if the processes of joining a regional bloc and of globalisation are responsible for the loss of sovereignty for the state, and so if the State had lost