All references in this paper are copyright protected and may not be reproduced without the permission of the authors. The discipline of International Relations is usually thought to hvae occurred at the end of World War I with the establishment of a Chair of International Relations at the University of Wales. Other Chairs followed in Britain and the United States. International relations were studied before 1919, but there was no discipline as such. Its subject matter was shared by a number of older disciplines; including law, philosophy, economics, politics, and diplomatic history — but before 1919 the subject was not studied with the great sense of urgency which was the product of World War I. It is impossible to separate the foundation of the discipline of International Affairs from the larger public reaction to the horrors of the ‘Great War,’ as it was initially called. The intellectual question which eclipsed all others and monopolized their interest was the puzzle of how and why the war began. British, American, French, German, Austrian, and Russian thinkers all had the same moral purpose, which was to discover the causes of World War I so that future generations might