Free trade

and a growth strategy based on the acquisition and integration of national competitors. But at the end of the 80s, as a condition for access to the GATT and in preparation for the establishment of free trade in North America (NAFTA), the Mexican government began opening the country to international trade and FDI. Large companies from developed countries threatened to outperform CEMEX in its domestic market. 1. Spain: The big door to internationalization CEMEX began its expansion into

important part: The EEA is based on the same "four freedoms") as the European Community: the free movement of goods, persons, services, and capital among the EEA countries. Thus, the EFTA countries that are part of the EEA enjoy free trade with the European Union. Here, the Globalization allows these EFTA countries to participate in the European single market without joining the EU. The free trade agreement allows reducing tariffs on 90 percent of imported goods, to zero. -Economic and Monetary

multicultural trade system. The decisions made by the WTO use to solve difficulties and constraints inherent at the entry in a foreign market. For example, agreements which are done not to raise a trade tariff barrier of an exporting or importing country can influence the decisions of an export manager concerning his activity. Thus, an export manager is obviously concerned by decisions made by the WTO. C.1.2 The WTO is an international organisation created to establish a fair trade without discriminations

While Collingham makes a digressive inquiry about the introduction of Tea in India, Stiglitz argues about the economic flaws resulting from the introduction of free markets and global policies. Trade and Globalization Tea trade over the last centuries is a relevant illustration of the globalization process. In fact, international trade and cooperation, of all kind, serves globalization. Tea was slowly integrated in the Indian economy thanks to advertising and marketing and gradually spread to

how the process of globalization is creating opportunities and challenges for business managers. This section introduces the emergence of the globally integrated business world. Globalization has reduced the traditional barriers to cross-border trade and investment (distance, time zones, language, differences in government regulations, culture, business systems). To begin the discussion of contemporary issues in international business, macro-economic and political changes in the last 30 years

le Protectionnisme Le volume du international trade s'est considérablement accru depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Les états et les international organizations ont créé un environnement favorable à la libre circulation des flux de marchandises et de services entre les nations. Le free trade et le protectionnism sont des economic doctrines conçues dans le but d'influencer la trade policy d'un pays ou d'un groupe de pays. Le free trade agit dans le sens d'une plus grande ouverture aux

Europe and Japan and the new emergent countries - I) - Globalization is led by a few countries : Northern America, Europe, Japan, & 4 Asiatic countries (South Korea, Hong-Kong, Taiwan & Singapore ) They constitute the TRIAD (66% of the World Trade) : The Triad accumulate an impressive majority of Wealth (15% of the World Population, 50% of wealth ) The Triad also hold the majority of the powers: enumerate Some peoples and organizations who or which epitomizes globalization : EU, EFTA1,OPEC,NAFTA

The Theorical foundations of International trade ( Following Foreign trade : it’s the exchange of capital, goods, and services across borders or territories Foreign exchange : it’s the exchange of money in one currency for another. Customs duties : it’s a kind of indirect tax which is collected by a local agency responsible on goods of international trade. Tariffs : it’s a tax levied on imported or exported goods. Quotas : The share or proportion assigned to each in a division.

Depuis le 1er janvier 2010, les « Incoterms 2010 » (appellation officielle) sont au nombre de 11 :  8 incoterms portent sur les ventes au départ : EXW ex works Départ usine FCA free carrier Franco transporteur (lieu convenu) FAS free along side ship Franco le long du navire (port d’embarquement convenu) FOB free on board Franco à bord cost and freight coût et fret. (port de destination convenu) cost insurance freight coût, assurance fret (port de destination convenu) carriage paid to

interpretation of commonly used trade terms in international transactions. They closely correspond to the U.N. Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. The first Incoterms were issued in 1936. The most recent Incoterms were updated in 2010 and became effective January 1, 2011. Who needs to understand Incoterms? Government trade officials as well as many private sector parties should understand Incoterms. Such private sector parties include: exporters, importers, trade finance professionals