Mean absolute error

a ħadīth report attributed to Ibn Abbas: “shir‘a (Law) is that which is mentioned in the Quran, and minhāj is that which is mentioned in the Sunna (i.e. ħadīth, specifically about Muhammad).”41 Both shir‘a and minhāj, Yassine points out, literally mean “way” or “path.” Furthermore, Yassine maintains that Q – V:48 contains God’s promise of the Quran’s “hegemony over all thought, that of God’s command over all other commands [...].” In other words, Islam and Muslims are promised leadership of the world

sur les dispositions du droit équatorien applicables et que deux des trois arbitres étaient équatoriens59. Toujours conscient de son mandat, le Comité ne manque donc pas de rappeler qu’il ne peut pourtant annuler la sentence « on the basis of a mere error in the application of the law, but may do so only when the pertinent law has not been applied »60. Ce principe doit constamment être réaffirmé pour ne pas détourner la présente procédure, comme la doctrine n’a cessé de le soutenir61. L’analyse est

international operations were not focal, absolute, and primary, the entrepreneur in Case 11 was still comfortable to develop international operations early, albeit auxiliary to the domestic focus. In Case 8, entrepreneurial perception of the external environment dictated caution; here, ideas, concepts, and products were developed in the home market first and then were released into international markets when the entrepreneur “felt ready.” A cautious, step-by-step, trial-and-error approach was employed; however

N(0 = N0 exp (Xf). To correct for a saturation effect, the proportionality to N is modified by a multiplicative factor : Nf — N/N 4 which represents the likelihood that a given person is a prospect for the good or service where N£ is the absolute upper limit. The differential équation becomes : This is a form of a s-curve : simple exponential growth is followed by a saturation phenomenon. (Réf. : Louis RIDENOUR, quoted by ROBERT U. AYRES, « On Technological Forecasting », Hudson Institute

Licence), The R Foundation, www.r-project.org BIBLIOGRAPHIE • 361 P361-362-9782100549412.fm Page 362 Jeudi, 18. novembre 2010 12:17 12 P363-374-9782100549412.fm Page 363 Vendredi, 26. novembre 2010 2:56 14 Lexique anglais/français A Arithmetic mean – Moyenne arithmétique B Bernoulli trial – Épreuve de Bernoulli Binomial distribution – Loi binomiale Box plot – Boîte de distribution, boîte à moustache, boîte à pattes Box-and-whisker plot – Boîte de distribution, boîte à moustaches, boîte à pattes

and dislikes, strengths and weaknesses when you’re planning your research. If you’re very good with people you might like to think about a project which would involve you conducting in-depth interviews with people who you find fasc inating. If you absolut ely hat e mathematics and statistics, steer clear of large survey research. Are you good at socialising? Do people feel at ease with you and are they willing to confide in you? Or do you prefer to hide yourself away and number crunch, or spend hours

solution, which is the difference between the cost of a solution when applied to a given scenario, and the cost of the optimal solution for this scenario. Note that both the absolute or relative difference can be used, and thus models trying to minimize the maximum regret of a solution amongst all scenario are called min-max absolute regret models, or min-max relative regret models. Because min-max regret models give the same importance for all scenarios, it appears more often in the literature. A survey

start an incredible performance at supersonic speed. Hard drives are very sensitive to dust and consequently (to contain) ………………………… in metal housing to protect them. If dust (to enter) ………………………… the hard drive it can block the internal components and mean that the drive can (to crash) …………………………. When software or yourself (to order) ………………………… the system to read or write a file, the operating system (to tell) ………………………… the hard-disk to move to the drive’s file allocation. The operating system (to look

propositions that summarize the degree to which certain facts are connected to other facts. Only when we have a large body of such propositions can we engage in the hard work of attempting to explain them. Second, theories are never true or false in any absolute sense. Whilst theories must always be tested against the evidence, they can only be replaced by better theories that are either more coherent or comprehensive in the scope of their explanatory power than their rivals. The sheer variety of empirical

obtain such an interpretation, \e now lII.Ike the additional assumption that there exists a risk free investment altemalive among the basic assets S 1 , ... , S N, and \e assume that this is in fact asset No. 1. By a risk free investment \e simply mean that the price at time t = 1 is detemrinistic, and by scaling \e may thus assume that St(Wj) = 1, j = 1, ... , M. ill other words, 8 1 is a zero coupon bond with principal equal to one. The fIrst component of the equality (3.3) then becomes ~-