Parliament

decline of Monarchy and the rise of Parliament 2 -IJK Parliament: rote, legislation and elections (the House of Commons and the House of Lords) 3 - The Prime Minister and the Cabinet 4 - Political parties 5 - Foreign and defence policy 6 – Conclusion Britain is a constitutional monarchy: it is ruled by a king or queen who accepts the advice of Parliament. It is also a parliamentary democracy, a country whose government is controlled by a parliament that has been elected by the people

constitutional responsibility to vote. Constitutions are important because they essentially set out the broad principles concerning who can make law. They also allocate the balance of power between the main institutions of the state – the government, Parliament and the judiciary – and provide the framework for the use of these institutions' powers. A constitution may also indicate the basic principles by which a country should expect to be governed, for example, that people should not be punished unless

set to be flexible as opposed to the French and American Constitution which are more rigid. Unwritten means uncodified: never put into one single all inclusive code, one single document 2 main categories of constitutions: ordinary acts of parliaments and rules that exist without ever having been put formally in a document. Napoleon contemptuously (avec mépris) looked down at England because of that and since he was the Code Man in France. This is a specificity of UK as their law is judge-made

The United Kingdom is a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch. A king or queen is the head of state, and a prime minister is the head of government. The people vote in elections for Members of Parliament (MPs) to represent them. Constitution: The United Kingdom doesn't have a single, written constitution (a set of rules of government). But it doesn't mean that the UK has an ‘unwritten constitution’. In fact, it is mostly written – but instead of being one formal document, the British

the central government to government at a subnational level. It is a transfer of legislative authority and regulations towards parliaments or regional assemblies elected by direct vote. Devolution is not symetric in the United Kingdom. In the UK, government was created following simple majority referenda in Wales and Scotland in 1997. In 1998, the Scottish Parliament, National Assembly for Wales and Northern Ireland Assembly were established by law. 18 years before, in 1979, the question of devolution

Documents: “Brown Hands Key Powers to Parliament”, The Guardian “At Long Last, Here is a Chance to Start Rewiring Britain’s Creaky Democracy”, The Guardian LECTURE 3: The Monarchy 1. The Queen’s functions 2. The Queen’s speech 3. The cost of the monarchy Documents: Civil List “How Much it Takes to Live like a Queen”, New York Times. LECTURE 4: Parliament 1: the House of Commons 1. Chronology: historical focus on Parliament and its origins 2. The British Parliament: its organisation 3. The Gunpowder

by the twin Acts of Union passed by the Parliaments of both countries. Scotland's legal system continues to be separate from those of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland and Scotland still constitutes a distinct jurisdiction in public and in private law. The continued independence of:  Scots law  Scottish education system  Church of Scotland = Scottish culture and Scottish national identity 1999 = creation of the devolved Scottish Parliament 2007 = first ever pro-independence Scottish

James Gordon Brown was born the 20 of February in 1951 in Scotland. He is a British Labour Party politician, who has been a Member of Parliament (MP) since 1983 first for Dunfermline Eas and then for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath. He served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Labour Party from 28th June 2007 until 11th may 2010.Indeed, Brown became Prime Minister , after the resignation of Tony Blair and three days after becoming leader of the governing Labour Party. Immediately

the parliament was traditionally associated with the country's government since the creation of the Magna Carta Libertum which gave to the English people liberties. This caused a civil war between royalists and parliamentarians, which ended with Charles I’s execution in 1649.(It was the first execution of a King in Europe). Cromwell was a key player of the civil war which had shaped modern British government .The struggle between a king who claimed to rule by divine right and the Parliament who

SEMESTRE II PART I: THE ORIGINS OF PARLIAMENT A] The early years Like in all European countries, the British parliament has his origins in a group of advisers who helped the king to make his decisions. At the beginning, these people were connected with the church or the army and the first assembly of this kind was the witan or grand council which we find in Saxon England during the reign of king offal in the VIII century. By the 10th century, the Witan were much bigger and more formal