Parliament

le plus important des organes de gouvernement : il niait toute valeur légale à un geste qu’ « aucune puissance sur cette terre ne peut se permettre ». L’armée installe un Parlement dont elle choisit elle-même les membres (Nominated Parliament ou Barebone’s Parliament, du nom de l’un des « députés ») : plus bavard qu’efficace, le Parlement doit voter sa propre dissolution le 12 décembre 1653 et Cromwell accepte alors de souscrire à une véritable Constitution écrit, l’Instrument de gouvernement, qui

Communauté pose une question de responsabilité. Dans le cas d'espèce la Cour se retrouve à décider si le Royaume-Uni doit être considéré coupable par rapport à l'art.3 du Protocole n°1 de la Convention lorsqu'il n'a pas organisé les élections pour le Parliament européen (PE) à Gibraltar. Les juges arrivent à affirmer que le transfert des compétences ne exclut pas la responsabilité de l'Etat. Mme Matthews a saisi la Commission le 18 avril 1994 en alléguant une violation de l'art. 3 du Protocole n°1 considérée

the people, is regulated by national constitutions. Some states, for political reasons, may choose to organize consultative referenda, as the Netherlands did. Politically, it would be near-to impossible for parliaments to ignore the result of such referenda, even if, as a matter of law, parliaments could still go ahead and approve the treaty. 4. BBC News, EU Constitution: Where Member States Stand, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/ world/europe/3954327.stm (last visited June 22, 2007). 5. Id. 6. Id. *

DEVOLUTION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM In the 1997 referendum, the Welsh and the Scots voted in favour of the creation of devolved institutions. Thus, in 1998, The Government of Wales Act and The Scotland Act were introduced by the Labour Government and Parliament. These two separate acts, reiterating most of the 1978 proposals which had been written hastily under political pressure, were to shape devolution in the late 1990s. To put it in a nutshell, devolution in Scotland offered primary legislation, i

constitution is the extent to which the government continues to exercise a number of powers which were not granted to it by a written constitution, nor by Parliament, but are rather ancient prerogatives of the Crown. These powers derive from arrangements which preceded the 1689 Declaration of Rights and have been accumulated by the government without Parliament or the people having a say. REFORMES The Green Paper went on to say, ‘The Government believes that in general the prerogative powers should be

Act, 1840 7 2.4 Responsible Government 8 a. The Correspondence of Grey 8 b. Resignation of the Nova Scotia Government – January 25, 1848 9 c. Galt Memorandum 9 2.5 Towards Confederation 9 a. A Dysfunctional Parliament 9 b. Fear of the Americans 9 c. Three Conferences Before Ratification 9 Section 3: Sources of Canadian Constitutional Law 9 3.1 Imperial Legislation: An Evolution in 6 Steps 10 a. The First Canadian Constitutions

sentenced to death. The parliament supported Henry . The Anglican church won in popularity. The national idea already penetrated the spirit and Henry changed all of the churches to Anglican. The catholic church was threatened. Patriotism and sentiments were mixed. Important division between the English populations: Mix between national identity and religious identity. Irony= Anglicans that opposed Catholicism b/c they are to very similar religions. Whats the place of the parliament in the religious problem

him to push through legislation, consequently meaning his basis for authority stemmed more from the king than from support from Parliament. However, this changed following the 1784 election where Pitt secured the majority needed for effective government, which meant that to an extent, he became less reliant on the king because he now had greater support within Parliament. Pitt introduced successful reforms in areas such as national finances. National Debt was worryingly high in the early 1780s

of the state but not the boss. Most of powers -->exercices through the Prime Minister. Huge difference between practice and theory. B) Parliament The powers of the Monarchy -In theory (having power): power still exists and more important influences british life. The sovereign has the the power to act without the consenting of the Parliament ==>the royal prerogative This power disappeared step by step by convention of the government and the monarchy ==> « gentlemen agreement » =

had become a major issue in NI politics → Protestant unionist reaction which led to major sectarian violence in 1969; British government sent troops to NI in 1969 in an attempt to maintain law and order. 1972 : The government suspended the NI parliament and ruled the area directly from LDN. From 1969 – 1998, NI badly affected by political violence. British government attempted to involve nationalists and unionists, but failed. 1985 : new attempt with the Hillsborough Agreement which involved