Econometrics

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ABREVIATIONS  AUD : Le dollar australien  CAD : Le dollar canadien  CDG : Caisse de Dépôt et de Gestion  CHF : Le franc suisse  DFA : Dickey Fuller Augmenté  DS : Difference Stationnary  EBS : Electronic Broking Sevices  EUR : L’Euro  EVIEWS : Econometric VIEWS  FOREX : FOReign EXchange  GBP : La livre sterling  HKD: Le dollar de Hong Kong  HO : Heating Oil  JPY : Le yen japonais  NASDAQ : National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations  NOK: La couronne norvégienne  NZD :

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Monetary Funds, in order to face the crisis made only worsen this one. Also, this article proposes, more than twenty years after the emergence of the phenomenon of the external national debt in the under-area, to quantify while being based on an econometric model, the incidence of the weight of the external national debt, and its service on the aggravation of the crisis and particularly on the substantial reduction of the capacities of public investments of the States of the CEMAC (Cameroon and Congo-Brazzaville)

relation de cointégration entre la variable dépendante et certaines variables explicatives (voir annexe 1). 4-2-Résultats des estimations Les estimations ont été effectuées par la méthode des moindres carrés ordinaires à l'aide du logiciel Econometric Views (Eviews). Les résultats de ces estimations, incluant les variables réelles et monétaires sont représentés ci-dessous. Pour la Côte d'Ivoire TCREci = - 0.14 - 4.97TINTci + 3.45DTIci + 2.21TEci + 0.02TDPci + 0.30Bmci (-0.49) (-4.11) (4.70)

agro-alimentaire. JEL : L22, L66 Summary We survey the economic literature on private labels (PL). In the first section we provide some statistics about the development of private labels in different countries for different products. Using the results from econometric studies, we also analyse the empirical factors which favour the development of private labels. In the second section, we analyse, from a theoretical point of view, why the retailers introduce private label: increase in their bargaining power and