Proceedings of International Symposium on Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Management 7-10 January 2002, Tunis (EPCOWM’2002), p.740-747.

Gestion des déchets solides au Maroc: Problématique et approche de développement Solid waste management in Morocco : Issues and development approach
Abdelkader AJIR Ministère de l'Aménagement du Territoire de l'Urbanisme, de l'Habitat et de l'Environnement Département de l'Environnement 36, Avenue Al Abtal, Agdal – Rabat, Morocco ABSTRACT Social and economic development with the increase of population in Morocco generates serious problems related to essentially domestic, industrial and hospital solid waste. This situation has major impacts on human health and environment. The domestic waste production in urban area is about 11 000 tons/day (about 0.75 Kg/inhab/day). This kind of waste is characterised by the presence of a-lot-of organic substance (50 – 70 %), soft and hard paper (5 –10 %), plastics (6 – 8 %), metal (1 – 4 %) and glass waste (1 – 2 %). The industrial waste represent about 975 000 tons/year, among them 120 000 tons ( 12.3 %) are hazardous waste. This waste is generating essentially from industry dealing with agricultural-Food (55 %) and chemistry sector (32 %). The medical waste is about 12 000 tons/year, among them 80 % generated from public hospitals and 20 % from private ones. The actual state of solid waste in Morocco shows many difficulties in collect, transport and treatment services. These difficulties are related to the institutional, legislation, financial, technical and educational aspects. In Morocco, the development approach concerning the solid waste management consists on the reinforcement of the legislation and institutions, the planing in the short, middle and long term, the attribution of the specific duties and tasks for the different departments dealing with this sector, the establishment of financial mechanisms and the adoption of the principle of “who pollutes should pay “ (pollueur