Wage

International Economic Review 38(4), 809–824. Schott, P. K. (2004). Across-product versus within-product specialization in international trade. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 119(2), 646–677. Verhoogen, E. A. (2008). Trade, quality upgrading, and wage inequality in the mexican manufacturing Lionel Fontagné, décembre 2013 25 

compete with the production of wealthier entrepreneurs. More and more, they started to weave for these ‘capitalist’ drapers and merchants in return for wages. The ‘putting out’ system that thus came into being, made most Tilburg weavers dependent on wage labour.19 Apart from their interference with the guilds and the neringen, the local government hardly meddled with textile production. Most occurrences of local government policy are meant to improve the impoverished cloth industries.20 Even conflicts

expected to appreciate in very gradual steps: 3.5% in 2010 (to reach 6.60 Yuan for 1 dollar). In the 2nd half-year 2010 and in 2011, growth will remain high driven by strong domestic demand, a public investment and a private investment. More over the wage increases (up 10% to 15%) obtained through strike action in 2010 and the improvements made in social benefits are expected to have a positive impact on household consumption. China's financial position remains strong. The current account surplus will

european employment, Edward Elgar. SCHUMPETER J. (1961), Théorie de l’évolution économique, Librairie Dalloz, Paris. SOETE L., MIOZZO M. (1990), Trade and Development in Services: a Technological Perspective, mimeo, MERIT. THUROW L. (1989), Towards a high-wage, high productivity service sector, Economic Policy Institute, Washington DC. VIVARELLI, PIANTA (eds), (2000), The employment impact of innovation : evidence and policy, Routledge. VIVARELLI M. (1995), The economics of technology and employment: Theory

demande travail. L’offre de travail est faite par les travailleurs et la demande de travailleurs par les entreprises. A.Les variables : Au niveau des quantités, nous parlerons du travail, et au niveau des prix, nous parlerons des salaires (w = wage). L’offre de travail est le fait des travailleurs et la demande de travail est le fait des employeurs. Les offreurs-travailleurs vendent des heures de travail et les demandeurs-employeurs achètent ces heures. L’offre et la demande de travail

been shown to have difficulty assessing the quality of buyouts. For instance, consider the 1994 restructuring of UAL Corporation (parent of United Air Lines). In this transaction, employees acquired 55% of UAL stock in exchange for $4.9 billion in wage/benefit concessions. Gilson (2000) shows most analysts were negative or indifferent in their assessment of the deal, and some analysts even misinterpreted key terms of the deal. Further, even while UAL's stock price relative to the market and industry

were dominated by no change of policy. 'An economist from Mars would conclude that the same government had been in charge throughout the second half of the 1990s'. Neither Blair nor Brown made concessions to Labour's old allies, unions. Minimum wage introduced, but at so low a level as to be almost invisible. Employment Relations Act recognized the European social Chapter but it was not expected to have a major impact since Brown fought any extension of the chapter in practice. Adherence

préalable la plus importante pour pouvoir la recevoir. Les employeurs seront incités financièrement à recruter et garder de nouveaux apprentis et stagiaires, sous la forme d’une subvention si l’apprenti obtient son diplôme (Securing Apprenticeships Wage). Les apprentis et stagiaires qui ont perdu leur travail devraient bénéficier d’une aide pour poursuivre leur formation en leur permettant d’achever la composante hors entreprise de leur programme de formation auprès ‘un organisme de formation agréé

travail au Nord. Ces informations parcellaires convergent toutes vers un diagnostic tenant en deux phrases : l’impact macroéconomique est limité ; cet impact est concentré sur les moins qualifiés. (30) « Let me call (…) the view that the loss of high-wage manufacturing jobs due to foreign trade (as opposed to purely domestic shifts in demand or technology) has been a major cause of stagnating or declining incomes among American workers –the deindustrialization hypothesis », Krugman (1996), p. 5. DÉSINDUSTRIALISATION

school or as well as attending school is not so damaging. Measures to stop child labour must address the poverty that obliges parents to send their young children to work rather than to school, primarily by providing adults with jobs paying a living wage. In areas where HIV/AIDS is now rife and children are the main breadwinners for a family after the death of one or both parents, the priority should be to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS, as well as to encourage financial support for child-headed households